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PMID: Cancer Biomark. 2015 Aug 31 ;15(5):663-8. PMID: 26406955 Abstract Title: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is associated with the risk of non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese population. Abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between vitamin D levels and lung cancer risk varies among distinct demographic populations; however, whether vitamin D levels are related to the risk of lung cancer in Chinese population is unknown.OBJECTIVE: We aimed to elucidate the association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level with the risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a Chinese population.METHODS: A total of 100 NSCLC patients and, 100 age-, gender-, blood-collection-season- and resident area-matched, cancer-free controls were recruited. Plasma 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 levels were measured by LC/MS/MS mass spectrometry and HPLC. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate the association between 25(OH)D concentrations and NSCLC risk.RESULTS: Multivariable analysis showed that smoking history, and 25(OH)D deficiency (
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PMID: Sleep. 2015 Aug 31. Epub 2015 Aug 31. PMID: 26414899 Abstract Title: Serum Vitamin D Is Significantly Inversely Associated with Disease Severity in Caucasian Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Case Control Study. Abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and possible relationships to OSAS severity, sleepiness, lung function, nocturnal heart rate (HR), and body composition. We also aimed to compare the 25(OH)D status of a subset of OSAS patients compared to controls matched for important determinants of both OSAS and vitamin D deficiency.DESIGN: Cross-sectional.SETTING: An urban, clinical sleep medicine outpatient center.PARTICIPANTS: Newly diagnosed, Caucasian adults who had recently undergone nocturnal polysomnography. We compared body mass index (BMI), body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), neck circumference, sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), lung function, and vitamin D status (serum 25-hydrpoxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) across OSAS severity categories and non-OSAS subjects. Next, using a case-control design, we compared measures of serum 25(OH)D from OSAS cases to non-OSAS controls who were matched for age, gender, skin pigmentation, sleepiness, season, and BMI.MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: 106 adults (77 male; median age = 54.5; median BMI = 34.3kg/m2) resident in Dublin, Ireland (latitude 53°N) were recruited and categorized as non-OSAS or mild/moderate/severe OSAS. 98% of OSAS cases had insufficient 25(OH)D (
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PMID: Quintessence Int. 2015 Sep 28. Epub 2015 Sep 28. PMID: 26417619 Abstract Title: Effect of full-mouth disinfection on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes patients with and without chronic periodontitis. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of full-mouth disinfection (FMD) on glycemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).METHOD AND MATERIALS: Sixty dentate patients who were never-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited for the study. Based on clinical examination they were divided into two groups: one with chronic periodontitis and the other without chronic periodontitis. Periodontal parameters Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were evaluated. Blood samples were assessed for the levels of fasting glucose (FG), insulin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), and insulin glucose ratio was calculated using a mathematical equation (HOMA-IR). All parameters were assessed at baseline, and at 3 months and 6 months after FMD.RESULTS: The results showed a significant reduction in PI, GI, PPD, FG, and HOMA-IR from baseline to 6 months. The CRP levels were constant throughout the study period.CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that FMD contributes to significant reduction in insulin resistance, thereby improving the glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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PMID: Clin Nutr. 2015 Jul 16. Epub 2015 Jul 16. PMID: 26205321 Abstract Title: Sarcopenia is associated with an increased inflammatory response to surgery in colorectal cancer. Abstract: BACKGROUND & AIMS: Sarcopenia in gastrointestinal cancer has been associated with poor clinical outcome after surgery. The effect of low muscle mass on the inflammatory response to surgery has not been investigated, however skeletal muscle wasting in the context of cachexia is associated with a hyperinflammatory state at baseline. Knowledge on this matter can provide new insight into the detrimental effects of sarcopenia on postoperative recovery, possibly leading to novel therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether low muscle mass is associated with increased inflammation after resection of colorectal malignancies.METHODS: Eighty-seven consecutive patients undergoing elective resection of a primary colorectal tumor were enrolled. Muscle mass was assessed on routine preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans using image analysis by Osirix(®) by measuring skeletal muscle at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) level. The effect of muscle mass on pre- and postoperative plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), calprotectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was analyzed. Clinical outcome was assessed by HARM (HospitAl stay, Readmission, andMortality) scores.RESULTS: Skeletal muscle mass was not predictive of plasma concentrations of CRP and IL-6. However, low skeletal muscle mass was significantly predictive of high plasma concentrations of calprotectin on postoperative days (POD) 2 through 5, reaching highest significance on POD4 (regression beta, -6.06; 95% confidence interval, -10.45 to -1.68; p = 0.007).CONCLUSIONS: Low muscle mass in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer was associated with an increased postoperative inflammatory response. This may be at least part of the explanation for the high incidence of postoperative complications in sarcopenic patients.
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PMID: Clin Cardiol. 2015 Sep 28. Epub 2015 Sep 28. PMID: 26415519 Abstract Title: Vitamin D Supplementation in the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been growing evidence that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development and progression of chronic heart failure (CHF).HYPOTHESIS: Additional supplementation of vitamin D may have protective effects in patients with CHF.METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases through June 2015 and included 7 randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of vitamin D on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CHF. Then, we performed a meta-analysis of clinical trials to confirm whether vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in CHF patients. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models.RESULTS: Our pooled results indicated that additional supplementation of vitamin D was not superior to conventional treatment in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and 6-minute walk distance. Moreover, vitamin D supplementation was associated with significant decreases in the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (WMD: -2.42 pg/mL, 95% CI: -4.26 to -0.57, P
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PMID: Cancer Causes Control. 2015 Sep 16. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PMID: 26376895 Abstract Title: Association between preoperative C-reactive protein level and colorectal cancer survival: a meta-analysis. Abstract: PURPOSE: C-reactive protein (CRP) is widely known as a major nonspecific systemic inflammatory marker. A number of previous studies have suggested that elevated preoperative CRP is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. We aimed to explore the effects of preoperative CRP on colorectal cancer survival through a meta-analysis.METHODS: A total of 21 studies, including a total of 3934 colorectal cancer patients, were eligible. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of selected studies were used to assess the summary estimates of the association between preoperative CRP and colorectal cancer survival.RESULTS: The pooled HRs of elevated preoperative CRP for earlier stage patients were 2.04 (95 % CI 1.45-2.86) for OS, 4.37 (95 % CI 2.63-7.27) for CSS, and 1.88 (95 % CI 0.97-3.67) for DFS. The pooled HRs of a higher Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS)/modified GPS (mGPS) for earlier stage patients were 2.20 (95 % CI 1.61-3.02) for OS and 1.80 (95 % CI 1.37-2.37) for CSS. The association between elevated preoperative CRP and poor survival was observed in patients with advanced cancer. Elevated CRP and GPS/mGPS were significantly associated with poor survival.CONCLUSION: Preoperative CRP and its related markers, GPS and mGPS, were significantly associated with the survival of colorectal cancer surgery patients. The HRs of GPS and mGPS were highly homogeneous across studies for all survival types. Thus, GPS and mGPS may serve as stable predictors of the survival of colorectal cancer surgery patients.
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PMID: Nutrition. 2015 Jul 2. Epub 2015 Jul 2. PMID: 26412579 Abstract Title: Green tea and liver cancer risk: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in Asian populations. Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate whether an association existed between green tea consumption and the risk for liver cancer in prospective cohort studies in Asian populations.METHODS: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and the Chinese Bio-medicine Database published before April 2015. Study-specific risk estimates for the highest versus non- or lowest and increment of daily cup of green tea consumption levels were combined based on fixed- or random-effects models. STATA 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA) software was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: Nine prospective cohort articles involving 465,274 participants and 3694 cases of liver cancer from China, Japan, and Singapore were included. The summary relative risk (RR) indicated a significant association between the highest green tea consumption and reduced risk for liver cancer (summary RR, 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-0.97). However, no statistically significant association was observed when analyzing daily consumption of one cup (summary RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-1.00). When stratified by sex, the protective effect of green tea consumption on risk for liver cancer was observed only in the group of women (summary RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64-0.96), but not in men (summary RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.79-1.00).CONCLUSIONS: The present analysis indicated the preventive effects of green tea intake on the risk for liver cancer in female Asian populations. However, additional studies are needed to make a convincing case for this association.
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PMID: Tumour Biol. 2015 Aug 29. Epub 2015 Aug 29. PMID: 26318303 Abstract Title: Apoptotic effects of non-edible parts of Punica granatum on human multiple myeloma cells. Abstract: Multiple myeloma is of great concern since existing therapies are unable to cure this clinical condition. Alternative therapeutic approaches are mandatory, and the use of plant extracts is considered interesting. Punica granatum and its derived products were suggested as potential anticancer agents due to the presence of bioactive compounds. Thus, polypenolic-rich extracts of the non-edible parts of P. granatum were investigated for their antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on U266 multiple myeloma cells. We demonstrated that there were dose-dependent decreases in the proliferation of U266 cells in response to P. granatum extracts. Also, exposure to the extracts triggered apoptosis with significant increases in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in U266 cells exposed to the leaves and stem extracts, while the flower extract resulted in slight increases in loss of MMP. These results were confirmed by Annexin-V analysis. These results documented the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of P. granatum extracts on human U266 multiple myeloma cells via disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing cell cycle arrest. The data suggest that the extracts can be envisaged in cancer chemoprevention and call for further exploration into the potential application of these plant parts.
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PMID: Am J Ther. 2015 Aug 28. Epub 2015 Aug 28. PMID: 26322676 Abstract Title: Risk of Hypertension With Sorafenib Use in Patients With Cancer: A Meta-Analysis From 20,494 Patients. Abstract: Sorafenib is a new multikinase inhibitor; the incidence of hypertension (HTN) with sorafenib has been reported to vary substantially among clinical trials. We searched multiple databases to investigate the risk of sorafenib-induced HTN in patients with cancer. A total of 93 trials involving 20,494 patients were selected for this meta-analysis. The relative risks (RRs) of all-grade and high-grade HTN associated with sorafenib were 3.06 (P
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PMID: J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2015 Jul-Dec;6(2):364-8. PMID: 26283831 Abstract Title: The antiplaque efficacy of propolis-based herbal toothpaste: A crossover clinical study. Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, herbal products have been suggested as an economic, safe and probably effective alternative for prevention and control of various oral diseases. But still there are some products which need to be evaluated. Of lately, Propolis is one such product. To assess and compare the efficacy of herbal dentifrice containing Propolis with Miswak and Colgate total toothpastes in controlling plaque formation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double blind, randomized, crossover study design was conducted among thirty healthy dental students. After oral prophylaxis all subjects were given a washout product for one week period. Subjects were then made to brush with (washout product) for 1 minute followed by 1 minute brushing with assigned test product. The baseline MGMPI plaque scores were recorded. Subjects were then refrained from oral hygiene for 24 hours, and were recalled to be re-disclosed and re-measured for plaque formation. This procedure was repeated according to crossover design after a washout period of (2 week). Statistical tests used were Krukalwallis and Wilcoxon sign rank test.RESULTS: There was a significant difference in 24 hour score between the test products evaluated. When the change from baseline to 24 hours was analyzed, the test product Propolis resulted in a consistently and significantly (p
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